What is esophageal cancer, the disease Pepe Mujica suffered from?
Esophageal cancer is a disease that affects the tube that connects the throat to the stomach. It develops when The cells lining the esophagus undergo genetic changes that cause uncontrolled growth, forming malignant tumors.
Read: Pepe Mujica, former president of Uruguay, dies Types of esophageal cancer:- Adenocarcinoma: It begins in the mucus-secreting cells of the esophagus. It is more common in Western countries and usually affects the lower part of the esophagus.
- Squamous cell carcinoma: This cancer originates in the flat cells that line the esophagus. It is the most common type worldwide and usually occurs in the upper and middle parts of the esophagus.
- Difficulty or pain when swallowing (dysphacia)
- Unexplained weight loss
- Chest or back pain
- Persistent heartburn
- Chronic cough or hoarseness
- Tobacco and alcohol consumption
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Barrett's esophagus
- Obesity
- Diet poor in fruits and vegetables
- Advanced age and being a man
Treatment for esophageal cancer depends on the stage and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Options include:
- Surgery (esophagectomy): Partial or total removal of the esophagus.
- Chemotherapy and radiotherapy: Used before or after surgery, or as primary treatment in advanced cases.
- Targeted therapies and immunotherapy: For specific cases depending on the molecular characteristics of the tumor.
Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are essential to improving the prognosis and quality of life of patients with esophageal cancer.
KG
informador
