Myths and facts about melatonin in children: what you should know before giving it

Irritability, difficulty paying attention, high blood pressure, weight problems and obesity, headaches, and even depression are some of the complications caused by lack of sleep in children, and melatonin appears to be a good alternative to address them. However, how good is it to administer it to children?

Melatonin is a hormone naturally produced by the brain to signal that it's time to go to sleep. However, people who have sleep problems often have low levels of it, so they resort to taking supplements. This has raised questions about the healthiness of prescribing them to children.

According to the University of Utah Health website, supplements of this hormone in any form are generally safe for children as long as they are prescribed by a pediatrician. However, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) does not recommend its routine use.

Anna Esparham, a pediatric medicine expert at the agency, commented: "Taking a melatonin supplement seems like a quick fix, but it won't solve sleep problems long-term. A lot of work goes into establishing a normal, healthy sleep and bedtime routine."

Melatonin is often used regularly in children with developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, or mental disorders.

Although it's an over-the-counter supplement, melatonin should not be used without the supervision of a pediatrician. It's available in various forms in markets and pharmacies: liquids, gummies, chewable tablets, capsules, and tablets, all with varying doses.

According to the Healthy Children website (endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics), the dosage and timing of melatonin depend on the reasons and how it will be used. "Start with the lowest dose. Many children will respond to a low dose (0.5 mg or 1 mg) when taken 30 to 90 minutes before bedtime. Most children who benefit from melatonin, even those with ADHD, do not need more than 3 to 6 mg of melatonin," she explains.

An inadequate dose of melatonin could cause some of the following problems in children:

Sleep problems in children can usually be resolved with a consistent bedtime routine. These steps may vary and be specific to each child's age and personality. The important thing is to do them at the same time every time, if possible. This will help your child understand that it's time to calm down and sleep.